Bitrix native VPS infra: nginx+php-fpm+MySQL socket+memcached x2+fail2ban+crowdsec, domain-agnostic
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infra-bot
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*
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!.gitignore
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!README.md
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!install.sh
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!scripts/**
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!config/**
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*.sql.gz
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*.tar.gz
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.env
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creds.txt
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# ============================================================
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# bitrix-vps-infra — native Bitrix stack on Ubuntu 24.04 VPS
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# nginx (static+TLS) → php-fpm → Percona MySQL (unix socket)
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# + memcached x2 + fail2ban + CrowdSec + ufw + backups
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#
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#docker analogue of paskal/bitrix.infra, without containers.
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# ============================================================
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## Services
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| Service | What | Where |
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|----------------|-----------------------------------------------|-------|
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| nginx | front, static files, urlrewrite, rate-limit zones | `/etc/nginx/` |
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| php8.4-fpm | Bitrix runtime, pool `bitrix` | `/etc/php/8.4/fpm/pool.d/bitrix.conf` |
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| Percona MySQL | socket-only (`localhost`), buffer pool 4G | `/etc/mysql/conf.d/99-bitrix.cnf` |
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| memcached x2 | cache `127.0.0.1:11211`, sessions `11212` | systemd units `memcached-cache/-sessions` |
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| fail2ban | sshd + nginx-http-auth jails | `/etc/fail2ban/jail.local` |
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| CrowdSec | parses nginx combined logs + sshd journal | `/etc/crowdsec/acquis.yaml` |
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| cron | Bitrix agents CLI, exchange, nightly backup | `/etc/cron.d/bitrix` |
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| ufw | OpenSSH/80/443 | `/etc/ufw/` |
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## Quickstart (fresh Ubuntu 24.04)
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```bash
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apt update && apt install -y git
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git clone <this repo> /opt/bitrix-vps-infra && cd /opt/bitrix-vps-infra
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# 1) edit variables at top of install.sh (DOMAIN first!)
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nano scripts/../install.sh # DOMAIN=..., FPM_MAX_CHILDREN=30, TZ
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sudo ./install.sh
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# creds printed and saved to /root/bitrix-install-creds.txt (chmod 600)
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cat /root/bitrix-install-creds.txt
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```
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## Migrate site from old server
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```bash
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# on OLD server: dump db
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mysqldump --single-transaction --routines --triggers sitemanager | gzip > sitemanager.sql.gz
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# copy content
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rsync -avz /home/bitrix/www/bitrix newvps:/home/bitrix/www/
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rsync -avz /home/bitrix/www/{local,upload} newvps:/home/bitrix/www/
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# import on NEW server
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gunzip < sitemanager.sql.gz | mysql sitemanager
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./scripts/fix-rights.sh /home/bitrix/www
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# bitrix app-configs: take examples, insert DB pass from creds file
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cp config/bitrix-app/dbconn.php.example /home/bitrix/www/bitrix/php_interface/dbconn.php
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cp config/bitrix-app/settings_extra.php.example /home/bitrix/www/bitrix/.settings_extra.php
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# then edit .settings.php: host=localhost, add 'session' block from settings_extra comment
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```
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After that:
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```bash
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apt-get install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx
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DOMAIN=$(grep '^DOMAIN=' /root/bitrix-install-creds.txt | cut -d= -f2)
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certbot --nginx -d "$DOMAIN" -d "www.$DOMAIN" # upgrades vhost to TLS + redirect
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systemctl reload nginx
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```
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## Verify checklist
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```bash
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curl -I http://DOMAIN # 200 or 301
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mysqladmin status # socket alive, TCP not listening:
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ss -tlnp | grep -E '3306|33060' # expect EMPTY output
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free -m # swap ~0 used, available >3G
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php-fpm8.4 -tt # pool syntax ok
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tail -f /var/log/php/bitrix-slow.log # requests >5s land here
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fail2ban-client status sshd # jail active
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cscli metrics # crowdsec parsing access.log
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/usr/bin/php -d memory_limit=1024M -f /home/bitrix/www/bitrix/modules/main/tools/cron_events.php
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# agents run manually without error
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```
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Site smoke: main page → catalog section → cart → admin login. Check exchange via admin
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or manual flock command from `/etc/cron.d/bitrix`.
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## Tuning knobs
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| Knob | File | Default | When change |
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|------|------|---------|-------------|
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| pm.max_children | fpm pool | 30 | OOM/slow under peak → raise if RAM free; 503 → lower concurrency |
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| innodb_buffer_pool_size | mysql cnf | 4G | sized for 12GB box |
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| memcached cache MB | unit file | 1024 | raise on cache churn |
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| limit_req rate | nginx.conf zone | 10 r/s | enforce per-location when needed |
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| backup retention | backup.sh | 14 days | disk budget |
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## Restore from backup
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```bash
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gunzip < /var/backups/bitrix/db/<ts>_sitemanager.sql.gz | mysql sitemanager
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cd /home/bitrix/www
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tar xzf /var/backups/bitrix/code/<ts>_site.tar.gz --strip-components=0 # replaces webroot files except upload/
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./scripts/fix-rights.sh
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```
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Upload directory is NOT in backups by design (bulky). Sync it separately
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(e.g. weekly `rsync -a /home/bitrix/www/upload /var/backups/bitrix/upload`) if size permits.
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## Notes / trade-offs taken deliberately ("no overskill")
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* No HTTP/3/brotli modules — gzip covers 95% benefit; upgrade path documented below.
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* No composite-site nginx layer yet — enable after basic migration proved stable
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(add `$bx_composite_file` map + try_files per paskal/bitrix.infra pattern).
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* No Zabbix/Sentry — CrowdSec metrics + slowlog + system journal are the floor;
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consider netdata later if growth demands.
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* CrowdSec firewall-bouncer replaces host iptables scripting entirely.
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### Optional upgrades later
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```bash
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apt install libnginx-mod-http-brotli-filter libnginx-mod-http-brotli-static # brotli
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add brotli line into nginx.conf http{} block after gzips.
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```
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# ============================================================
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# Bitrix native VPS provisioning (Ubuntu 24.04, no Docker)
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# nginx + php-fpm + Percona MySQL (socket) + memcached x2
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# + fail2ban + CrowdSec + ufw + swap + logrotate + cron
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#
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# Usage: sudo ./install.sh (edit vars below first!)
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# Idempotent-ish: re-running is safe but configs get overwritten.
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# ============================================================
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set -euo pipefail
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# ------------------- EDIT BEFORE RUN -------------------
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DOMAIN="" # primary site domain, no www, REQUIRED
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SITE_DIR="/home/bitrix/www" # webroot (match old server layout)
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DB_NAME="sitemanager"
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DB_USER="bitrix"
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DB_PASS="" # empty = auto-generate, printed at end
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FPM_MAX_CHILDREN=30 # ~150MB/worker; budget: RAM - mysql(5G) - memcached(1.2G)
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TZ_REGION="Asia/Yekaterinburg"
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MEMCACHED_CACHE_MB=1024 # bitrix managed cache
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MEMCACHED_SESSIONS_MB=128 # php sessions via .settings.php
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CROWDSEC_ENROLL_KEY="" # optional: console.enroll key from app.crowdsec.net
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BACKUP_DIR="/var/backups/bitrix"
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MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="" # empty = socket-auth only (recommended)
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# -------------------------------------------------------
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REPO_ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)" # install.sh sits at repo root
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CREDS_FILE="/root/bitrix-install-creds.txt"
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step() { printf '\n==> %s\n' "$*"; }
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die() { echo "ERROR: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
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[[ $EUID -eq 0 ]] || die "run as root"
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[[ -n "$DOMAIN" ]] || die "edit install.sh: fill DOMAIN= at the top first"
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export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
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step "Base packages"
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apt-get update -y
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apt-get install -y curl ca-certificates gnupg lsb-release unzip git jq \
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logrotate unattended-upgrades software-properties-common util-linux
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step "Timezone -> $TZ_REGION"
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timedatectl set-timezone "$TZ_REGION" || true
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step "System user 'bitrix'"
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id -u bitrix >/dev/null 2>&1 || useradd --create-home --shell /bin/bash bitrix
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mkdir -p "$SITE_DIR" "$BACKUP_DIR" /tmp/php_sessions/www /tmp/php/upload /var/log/php
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chown bitrix:bitrix /tmp/php_sessions/www /tmp/php/upload
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chmod 700 /tmp/php_sessions/www
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chown www-data:www-data /var/log/php
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step "Swap 4G + vm.swappiness=10"
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if [[ ! -f /swapfile ]]; then
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fallocate -l 4G /swapfile
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chmod 600 /swapfile
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mkswap /swapfile
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swapon /swapfile
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grep -q '^/swapfile' /etc/fstab || echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
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fi
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cat > /etc/sysctl.d/99-bitrix.conf <<EOF
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vm.swappiness = 10
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EOF
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sysctl --system > /dev/null
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step "PHP 8.4 via ondrej PPA (fpm + cli)"
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add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
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apt-get update -y
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apt-get install -y \
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php8.4-fpm php8.4-cli php8.4-common php8.4-mysql php8.4-curl php8.4-gd \
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php8.4-intl php8.4-mbstring php8.4-xml php8.4-zip php8.4-bz2 php8.4-bcmath \
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php8.4-opcache php8.4-readline php8.4-igbinary php8.4-msgpack \
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php8.4-memcached php8.4-redis php8.4-apcu
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step "nginx"
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apt-get install -y nginx
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step "Percona MySQL 8.0 LTS"
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curl -sL https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/percona-release_latest.generic_all.deb -o /tmp/percona-release.deb
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dpkg -i /tmp/percona-release.deb || apt-get -f install -y
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apt-get update -y
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apt-get install -y percona-server-server || apt-get install -y mysql-server
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[[ -n "$DB_PASS" ]] || DB_PASS="$(openssl rand -hex 16)"
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step "memcached (dual instances)"
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apt-get install -y memcached
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systemctl disable --now memcached.service 2>/dev/null || true # distro single instance off
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step "fail2ban"
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apt-get install -y fail2ban
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step "CrowdSec + firewall bouncer"
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curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/crowdsec/crowdsec/script.deb.sh | bash
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apt-get update -y
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apt-get install -y crowdsec crowdsec-firewall-bouncer \
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|| echo "WARN: firewall-bouncer install failed; run manually later"
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step "Deploy nginx configs"
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/nginx/nginx.conf" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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mkdir -p /etc/nginx/snippets
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/nginx/snippets/fastcgi-bitrix.conf" /etc/nginx/snippets/
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/nginx/conf.d/maps.conf" /etc/nginx/conf.d/maps.conf
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/nginx/sites-available/bitrix.conf" /etc/nginx/sites-available/bitrix.conf
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rm -f /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
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ln -sf ../sites-available/bitrix.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/bitrix.conf
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sed -i "s/__DOMAIN__/$DOMAIN/g" /etc/nginx/sites-available/bitrix.conf
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step "Deploy php-fpm pool + ini overrides"
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/php/fpm-pool-bitrix.conf" /etc/php/8.4/fpm/pool.d/bitrix.conf
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rm -f /etc/php/8.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/php/95-bitrix.ini" /etc/php/8.4/fpm/conf.d/95-bitrix.ini
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/php/95-bitrix.ini" /etc/php/8.4/cli/conf.d/95-bitrix.ini
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sed -i "s/__MAX_CHILDREN__/$FPM_MAX_CHILDREN/g" /etc/php/8.4/fpm/pool.d/bitrix.conf
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step "MySQL tuning config (socket-only binds)"
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mkdir -p /etc/mysql/conf.d
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/mysql/99-bitrix.cnf" /etc/mysql/conf.d/99-bitrix.cnf
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step "memcached dual systemd units"
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/memcached/memcached-cache.service" /etc/systemd/system/
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/memcached/memcached-sessions.service" /etc/systemd/system/
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sed -i "s/__CACHE_MB__/$MEMCACHED_CACHE_MB/g" /etc/systemd/system/memcached-cache.service
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sed -i "s/__SESSIONS_MB__/$MEMCACHED_SESSIONS_MB/g" /etc/systemd/system/memcached-sessions.service
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systemctl daemon-reload
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step "fail2ban jail.local"
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/fail2ban/jail.local" /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
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step "CrowdSec acquis.yaml"
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mkdir -p /etc/crowdsec/acquis.d
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/crowdsec/acquis.yaml" /etc/crowdsec/acquis.yaml
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if [[ -n "$CROWDSEC_ENROLL_KEY" ]]; then
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cscli console enroll --name "${DOMAIN}-vps" "$CROWDSEC_ENROLL_KEY" || true
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fi
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step "cron + logrotate"
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/cron/bitrix" /etc/cron.d/bitrix
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chmod 644 /etc/cron.d/bitrix
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sed -i "s|__SITE__|$SITE_DIR|g; s|__BACKUP_SCRIPT__|$REPO_ROOT/scripts/backup.sh|g" /etc/cron.d/bitrix
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cp "$REPO_ROOT/config/logrotate/bitrix" /etc/logrotate.d/bitrix
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step "Database: create db + user"
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mysql <<SQL
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CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS \`$DB_NAME\` CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
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CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS '$DB_USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$DB_PASS';
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ALTER USER '$DB_USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$DB_PASS';
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON \`$DB_NAME\`.* TO '$DB_USER'@'localhost';
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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SQL
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step "UFW firewall (ssh/80/443)"
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apt-get install -y ufw
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ufw allow OpenSSH > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
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ufw allow 80/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
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ufw allow 443/tcp > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
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yes | ufw enable > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
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step "Restart everything"
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phpenmod apcu igbinary 2>/dev/null || true
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl restart mysql 2>/dev/null || systemctl restart mysqld 2>/dev/null || systemctl restart mariadb 2>/dev/null || true
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systemctl enable --now memcached-cache memcached-sessions
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systemctl restart php8.4-fpm
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systemctl restart fail2ban
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systemctl restart crowdsec
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systemctl restart crowdsec-firewall-bouncer 2>/dev/null || true
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nginx -t || die "nginx config test failed"
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systemctl restart nginx
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step "Save credentials"
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cat > "$CREDS_FILE" <<EOF
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# generated $(date -u +%FT%TZ)
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DOMAIN=$DOMAIN
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SITE_DIR=$SITE_DIR
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DB_NAME=$DB_NAME
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DB_USER=$DB_USER
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DB_PASS=$DB_PASS
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PHP_FPM_SOCK=/run/php/bitrix-fpm.sock
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CACHE_MEMCACHED=127.0.0.1:11211
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SESSIONS_MEMCACHED=127.0.0.1:11212
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BACKUP_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR
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EOF
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chmod 600 "$CREDS_FILE"
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echo
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echo "========================================================"
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echo " Provisioning done."
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echo " Creds: $CREDS_FILE"
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echo " Next: put site into $SITE_DIR (see README 'Migrate')"
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echo " apply bitrix-app/*.php.example changes"
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echo " certbot --nginx -d $DOMAIN -d www.$DOMAIN"
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echo " README: $REPO_ROOT/README.md"
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echo "========================================================"
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